Understanding Normal vs. Abnormal Vaginal Discharge

Pregnancy is a time of immense physical and emotional change. As your body adapts to support the growing life within, you may notice a range of new experiences, including changes in your vaginal discharge. Feeling concerned or unsure about what's normal and what's not is natural. Rest assured, most changes in vaginal discharge are a common and healthy part of pregnancy.

Let's explore what to expect and when to seek advice, which will help you confidently navigate this intimate aspect of your journey.

During pregnancy, you’ll probably notice an increase in vaginal discharge—this is completely normal.

Increased Vaginal Discharge During Pregnancy

One of the early signs of pregnancy is an increase in vaginal discharge, also known as leukorrhea. Hormonal changes, particularly estrogen levels, cause this increase.

Characteristics of Normal Discharge

During pregnancy, particularly in the early stages, normal vaginal discharge is typically clear or milky white and can be quite thin and watery. Some women describe it as having a consistency similar to raw egg white, especially in the early weeks of pregnancy. The discharge should not have a strong odour and should not cause any itching, burning, or abdominal pain.

As pregnancy progresses, the discharge may become thicker and more opaque due to the influence of progesterone. An increase in vaginal discharge is a common pregnancy symptom.

Still if you notice any significant changes in colour, consistency, or odour, it's always best to consult your midwife or doctor.

During pregnancy, it's essential to be aware of any changes in your vaginal discharge, as abnormal discharge can indicate an underlying infection or complication. Unlike normal discharge, typically thin, clear, or milky white with a mild odour, abnormal discharge often has a strong, foul smell and may be discoloured. Yellow, green, or grey discharge can signify infections such as bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, or other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).

Signs and Symptoms of Abnormal Discharge

Recognising the signs of abnormal vaginal discharge during pregnancy is crucial for maintaining your health and the well-being of your baby. Here are a few changes to watch for in your discharge:

• Unusual colours, such as green, yellow, grey, brown, or red discharge
• A strong, foul, or fishy odour
• Itching, burning, or irritation in the vaginal area
• Discharge that is clumpy, frothy, or has a cottage cheese-like consistency
• Bloody or brown vaginal discharge during pregnancy
• Abdominal pain in early pregnancy or discomfort during urination or intercourse
• Watery discharge, just like passing urine

If you experience any of these symptoms, it's essential to consult your doctor promptly for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Yeast infections are common during pregnancy, primarily due to hormonal changes and increased susceptibility. These infections are characterised by a thick, clumpy, white, or off-white discharge that resembles cottage cheese. Additional symptoms may include itching, burning, and painful urination or intercourse. While yeast infections do not harm the baby, they can cause significant discomfort for the mother.

Vaginal discharge during early pregnancy that exhibits these characteristics should be discussed with a doctor to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.

Treatment Options for Yeast Infections in Pregnancy

If you suspect a yeast infection during pregnancy, consult your obstetrician gynaecologist (OB/GYN) to discuss safe and effective treatment options. Some common treatments include:

• Prescription antifungal medications, such as creams or suppositories
• Over-the-counter antifungal creams, like clotrimazole or miconazole
• Oral antifungal medications, such as fluconazole, prescribed by your doctor
• Natural remedies, such as yoghurt or probiotics, to help restore vaginal balance

Follow your doctor’s advice and finish the full course of treatment—this will clear the infection and prevent re-infection.

Vaginal discharge during pregnancy can sometimes indicate an infection, such as bacterial vaginosis (BV). BV affects 10-41% of pregnant women and occurs when the natural balance of vaginal bacteria is disrupted. Symptoms may include thin, white, or grey discharge with a strong, fishy odour, and itching or burning.

However, up to 50% of women with BV are asymptomatic. BV during pregnancy increases the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and premature rupture of membranes. Early signs of pregnancy, such as abdominal pain and changes in vaginal discharge, should be monitored closely to detect potential infections early.

Treatment Options for Bacterial Vaginosis in Pregnancy

• Antibiotic Therapy: Oral antibiotics such as metronidazole or clindamycin are commonly prescribed to treat BV during pregnancy. These medications are safe for the baby and effective in clearing the infection.
• Topical Treatments: While topical antibiotics like metronidazole gel or clindamycin cream can be used, they are generally less effective in reducing pregnancy-related complications than systemic antibiotics.
• Follow-Up: After treatment, a "test of cure" is often recommended one month later to ensure the infection has been fully cleared.

Prompt treatment of BV is essential to minimise the risk of complications and maintain a healthy pregnancy. If you suspect you may have BV or notice any unusual changes in your vaginal discharge during pregnancy, it's important to consult your OB/GYN for proper evaluation and management.

To keep your vaginal health in top shape during pregnancy, here are a few simple tips to follow:

• Avoid douching or using harsh soaps, perfumes, or dyes in the genital area, as these can disrupt the natural pH balance and lead to infections.
• Practice gentle hygiene by washing the genital area with warm water only, using a warm, wet washcloth if needed.
• Refrain from using tampons to prevent introducing bacteria into the vagina. Instead, opt for panty liners or pads if vaginal discharge during pregnancy becomes bothersome.
• Be mindful of changes in the colour, consistency, and smell of your vaginal discharge early in pregnancy. Consult your doctor if you notice any unusual symptoms such as strong odours, itching, or burning.
• If you experience any abnormal discharge, such as green, yellow, grey, or bloodstained discharge, seek medical advice promptly to rule out infections and ensure your and your baby's health.

Understanding the changes in your vaginal discharge during pregnancy can help you feel more confident and prepared for your journey.

• Early pregnancy white discharge is a common occurrence and often one of the first early signs of pregnancy. This thin, white discharge during early pregnancy is usually nothing to worry about. Still, monitoring for any unusual changes in colour, consistency, odour, or associated itching is essential.
• Abdominal pain in early pregnancy, accompanied by abnormal vaginal discharge during early pregnancy, may indicate an infection or complication that requires immediate medical attention. Throughout pregnancy, vaginal discharge pregnancy symptoms can vary, with some women experiencing increased vaginal discharge early pregnancy or occasional brown vaginal discharge during pregnancy.
• Maintaining good hygiene practices, wearing breathable clothing, and avoiding irritants can help promote vaginal health. If you have concerns about your discharge or experience discomfort, consult your doctor for guidance and treatment.