I-Pill: Emergency Contraception Uses, Side Effects, and Myths

Emergency contraception, often known as the "morning-after pill," is a safe and effective way to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure. Among the different emergency contraception methods available, the I-Pill is one of the most widely used options in the UK and other parts of the world.

What is the I-Pill?

The I-Pill is an emergency contraceptive tablet that contains a synthetic hormone called levonorgestrel (1.5 mg). This hormone is similar to the natural hormone progesterone, which plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. The I-Pill works by preventing or delaying ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovaries), altering the cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, and preventing a fertilised egg from implanting in the uterus.

The I-Pill is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected sex, ideally within 72 hours (3 days), although it can still be effective up to 5 days after intercourse. However, the sooner it is taken, the more effective it will be. It is important to note that the I-Pill is not intended to be used as a regular form of contraception but rather as a backup in case of contraceptive failure or unprotected sex.

When Should You Use the I-Pill?

The I-Pill can be used in the following situations:

• Condom failure: If the condom breaks or slips off during sex.
• Unprotected sex: If no contraception was used during intercourse.
• Missed contraceptive pills: If you miss one or more regular birth control pills, especially if you had unprotected sex.
• Failed contraception methods: If your regular method of contraception (e.g., intrauterine device (IUD), contraceptive implant) fails or is removed.
• Sexual assault: After a sexual assault, the I-Pill can be taken to prevent pregnancy.

How to Take the I-Pill?

Taking the I-Pill is simple. The tablet should be swallowed whole with water. It is usually recommended to take the pill as soon as possible after unprotected sex for the best chances of preventing pregnancy. If you vomit within 2 hours of taking the I-Pill, you should seek medical advice, as you may need to take another dose.

What Happens After Taking the I-Pill?

Once you take the I-Pill, it works to prevent pregnancy in several ways:

• Delays Ovulation: The I-Pill prevents the ovary from releasing an egg, so sperm has nothing to fertilise.
• Alters Cervical Mucus: It thickens the cervical mucus, making it more difficult for sperm to reach the egg.
• Alters the Uterine Lining: If fertilisation does occur, the I-Pill may alter the uterine lining, making it unsuitable for implantation.

However, the I-Pill will not work if you are already pregnant. It is essential to remember that the I-Pill should be taken after a contraceptive failure, not as a primary method of birth control.

Side Effects of the I-Pill

Like any medication, the I-Pill can cause side effects. However, most people tolerate it well, and the side effects are usually mild and temporary. Common side effects include:

• Nausea or Vomiting: Some women may feel nauseous after taking the I-Pill. If you vomit within two hours of taking it, contact a healthcare provider for advice.
• Headaches: Mild headaches are a common side effect, which can be alleviated with over-the-counter pain relievers.
• Changes to Menstrual Cycle: The I-Pill can cause changes in your next period, such as early or delayed menstruation. It may also cause heavier or lighter bleeding than usual.
• Fatigue: Some women report feeling unusually tired after taking the I-Pill.
• Breast Tenderness: Hormonal changes can cause tenderness or swelling in the breasts.
• Abdominal Pain or Cramps: Some women experience mild stomach discomfort or cramps.
• Dizziness: A feeling of light-headedness or dizziness is another side effect that some people report.

Most side effects should resolve within a few days after taking the I-Pill. If you experience severe abdominal pain or unusual symptoms, it is important to seek medical advice.

Myths About the I-Pill

There are many misconceptions surrounding the I-Pill, and it is important to separate fact from fiction. Below are some common myths and the truth behind them:

Myth 1: The I-Pill is an Abortion Pill

Fact: The I-Pill is not an abortion pill. It is an emergency contraceptive that prevents pregnancy from occurring. If implantation has already occurred, the I-Pill will not work. It will not affect an existing pregnancy or cause an abortion.

Myth 2: The I-Pill Causes Infertility

Fact: There is no evidence to suggest that the I-Pill causes infertility. It works by temporarily altering your hormones, but once your next menstrual cycle begins, your fertility returns to normal.

Myth 3: You Can Use the I-Pill as Regular Contraception

Fact: The I-Pill is intended as emergency contraception, not a regular form of birth control. Using it frequently can be less effective than using a regular contraceptive method, such as a pill, IUD, or implant. Additionally, it is not recommended to rely on the I-Pill as your primary contraceptive method.

Myth 4: The I-Pill Works for Everyone

Fact: The I-Pill is less effective for women who weigh more than 70 kg (around 11 stone). For these women, the effectiveness of the I-Pill may be reduced, and alternative emergency contraception options may be recommended.

Myth 5: Taking the I-Pill Will Immediately Affect Your Next Period

Fact: While the I-Pill can alter the timing of your next period, it will not make it come immediately after taking it. It may cause your period to arrive earlier, later, or be heavier than usual. If your period is more than a week late, you may want to take a pregnancy test.

Conclusion

The I-Pill is a valuable tool for preventing unintended pregnancy in emergency situations. While it is highly effective when used correctly, it is essential to understand that it is not a substitute for regular contraception. Understanding the potential side effects, debunking common myths, and knowing when to use the I-Pill is essential to ensuring it works as intended.
If you have any concerns about the I-Pill or emergency contraception, always consult your healthcare provider for personalised advice and support.