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<h1><strong>Second Trimester</strong></h1>

Second Trimester

The second trimester (weeks 13-26) is often considered the most enjoyable and comfortable phase for expectant mothers. Learn about weekly changes, including physical and emotional adjustments, fetal growth, and health insights for both you and your baby.

Learn about weekly changes

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Symptoms you may experience

Learn about the changes your body goes through in the second trimester. 

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Learn about the changes your body goes through in the second trimester. Understanding them can help you feel more prepared for this exciting time.

Pelvic Pain

It often arises as the body adjusts to the baby’s growth. Hormonal changes and pressure can cause discomfort around the hips and lower abdomen.

Back Pain

As the uterus expands, it shifts the body’s centre of gravity, adding pressure on the lower back, leading to discomfort and stiffness.

Leg Cramps and Pain

Hormonal changes, weight gain, and circulation changes can lead to painful cramps in the legs, especially at night.

Dizziness

Increased blood flow and fluctuating blood pressure can cause dizziness. It’s common when standing up too quickly or being in a hot environment.

Increased Energy

Many women experience a burst of energy and improved mood as hormone levels stabilise, often making the second trimester feel easier.

Breast Growth and Tenderness

Breasts continue to grow, becoming fuller and possibly more tender, as they prepare for milk production in the coming months.

Skin Changes

Hormone-driven changes can lead to glowing skin, darkened patches, or acne. Increased blood flow often gives a “pregnancy glow.”

Heartburn

The growing uterus presses on the stomach, and hormones relax the oesophageal valve, causing acid reflux and a burning sensation.

Nasal Congestion

Increased blood flow to mucous membranes can lead to swollen nasal passages, causing stuffiness or a mild “pregnancy cold.”

Bleeding Gums

Higher hormone levels increase blood flow to gums, making them more sensitive and prone to bleeding when brushing or flossing.

Black Stool

Iron supplements taken during pregnancy can darken stool colour, which is generally harmless but can be surprising if unexpected.

Fetal development in the second trimester

In your second trimester, your baby grows rapidly - developing essential organs, facial features, and even tiny fingerprints. 

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In your second trimester, your baby grows rapidly - developing essential organs, facial features, and even tiny fingerprints. Here is what you can expect.

Month 4: Your baby is about the size of an avocado (17.8-18.6 cm) by week 16 

Month 5: Your baby is about the size of a banana (25.2-26 cm) by week 20 

Month 6: Your baby is about the size of an ear of corn (31.7-32.2 cm) by week 24 

 

Body changes in the second trimester

During the second trimester, your body adjusts in noticeable ways.

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During the second trimester, your body adjusts in noticeable ways. Expect weight gain, mood swings, mild nausea, and more. Here's a look.

Mood Swings During Pregnancy

Hormonal changes in your second trimester can bring on mood swings, leading to moments of unexpected emotions and heightened sensitivity. Find relaxation techniques that could help you balance these shifts.

Nausea & Vomiting

While nausea often eases by the second trimester, some may still experience it. Small, frequent meals and staying hydrated can help manage symptoms as your body adjusts to the growing baby.

Weight Gain

Steady weight gain in the second trimester supports your baby’s development. Use a pregnancy weight gain calculator to keep track of your weight gain ranges based on your pre-pregnancy weight and health.

Body Pain

As the baby develops, body pain, especially in the lower back and hips, can become more noticeable. Gentle stretches and light exercise may ease discomfort and support posture changes.

Sleep Discomfort

Getting comfortable sleep can be quite a challenge as your belly grows. Side sleeping with supportive pillows can improve rest and make sleep more comfortable during this phase.

Precautions to take in the second trimester

Maintaining a balanced diet, avoiding specific foods, and avoiding intense exercises are important for your safety.

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Maintaining a balanced diet, avoiding specific foods, and avoiding intense exercises are important for your safety. Let’s look at some essential precautions to ensure a safe and healthy pregnancy.

Foods to Avoid

Avoid raw or undercooked seafood, eggs, and cold cuts of meat to prevent harmful bacteria and infections.

Steer clear of high-mercury fish and unpasteurised dairy products.

Limit caffeine intake to under 200 mg per day.

Avoid alcohol entirely to support healthy fetal development.

Activities to Avoid

Avoid high-risk activities like contact sports to prevent injuries.

Refrain from heavy lifting to reduce strain on your body.

Limit prolonged standing to avoid discomfort and fatigue.

Medicines to Avoid

Avoid pain relievers like ibuprofen.

Refrain from using cold medications without medical advice.

Steer clear of herbal supplements that may not be pregnancy-safe.

Exercises to Avoid

Avoid intense workouts that strain your body.

Refrain from heavy lifting during the second trimester.

Skip yoga poses with deep twists or intense backbends.

Avoid lying flat on your back during exercises.

Top tips for Second Trimester

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Pregnancy Gains

Your pre-pregnancy weight and number of babies influence your second-trimester weight gain.

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Baby’s nest 

Get ready to welcome your newborn baby by building a nursery in your home.

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Parenting prep

Learn more about parenting by taking classes on breastfeeding, infant CPR, and first aid.

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Prenatal care 

Attend local prenatal classes to learn about your pregnancy, childbirth, and newborn care.

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Dental hygiene

Having healthy teeth and gums matters as poor dental care is linked to premature labour.

Second Trimester Guide

During the second trimester, focus on nourishing your body and bonding with your growing baby.

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During the second trimester, focus on nourishing your body and bonding with your growing baby. Here is a quick guide on diet, exercise and sleeping positions for the second trimester.

Second Trimester Pregnancy Diet

  • Include lean proteins, whole grains, fresh fruits, and vegetables to support the baby’s growth.
  • Add calcium-rich foods like yoghurt and leafy greens for bone development.
  • Choose iron-rich options like spinach and beans to prevent anaemia.
  • Stay hydrated and eat small, frequent meals for sustained energy.

Exercises in the Second Trimester

  • Gentle exercises help maintain strength and flexibility as your body adapts.
  • Opt for walking, swimming, and prenatal yoga for comfort and mobility.
  • Include breathing exercises to promote relaxation and prepare for labour.
  • Consult your doctor before starting any new exercise routine.

Sleeping Positions in the Second Trimester

  • Sleep on your side, especially the left, for better blood flow.
  • Focus on rest and what feels comfortable.

Medical Check-Ups & Scans in the Second Trimester

  • Blood tests to check iron levels and screen for gestational diabetes.
  • Detailed second-trimester scan to monitor fetal growth and organ development.
  • Regular check-ups to ensure placental health and overall maternal well-being.

Sex during the second trimester

The second trimester often brings increased energy and a renewed libido, making it a good time for intimacy.

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The second trimester often brings increased energy and a renewed libido, making it a good time for intimacy. Here’s what you need to know about ensuring comfort and safety during this phase.

Is It Safe To Have Sex?

Sex during the second trimester is generally safe for most couples and can enhance intimacy. Many find sex more enjoyable as symptoms like nausea and fatigue ease. However, it’s always best to consult your doctor to rule out any specific health concerns or risks.

Safe Sex Positions

Certain positions provide greater comfort and safety during intimacy. Side-lying and seated positions, where your partner faces you, minimise pressure on the abdomen and allow for better control. Using pillows for support can make these positions even more comfortable.

Second Trimester & Ayurveda

Second Trimester is the "golden period" as per Ayurveda, Gentle yoga and abhyanga (oil massage) promote relaxation and strengthen the bond between mother and baby.

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FAQs

What happens in the second trimester of pregnancy?

The second trimester marks significant growth and development milestones, including organ maturation, skeletal development, and the baby’s ability to move and hear.

Does the second trimester start at week 13 or 14?

The second trimester typically begins around week 13 or 14 and continues until week 27.

When does my second trimester start?

Most doctors agree the second trimester starts during week 13 or 14, depending on the specifics of your pregnancy.

Can I feel my baby move at 4 months?

Many mothers begin to feel "quickening," or early movements, between 18 and 20 weeks, though some may notice it earlier.

In what month does the fetus’s gender develop?

By the end of the second trimester, the baby’s gender is usually well-formed.

Can you see a baby bump at 4 months?

Yes, many women notice their baby bump starting to show around this time, though it varies from person to person.

What month is the baby's gender confirmed?

The baby’s gender is often identifiable around weeks 18 to 20, though it may depend on the baby’s position during the scan.

What are common discomforts felt during the second trimester of pregnancy?

Common discomforts during the second trimester include back pain, leg cramps, and mild nausea.

Is the second trimester of pregnancy safe?

The second trimester is often considered the safest phase, with lower risks and reduced early pregnancy symptoms