9 Reasons For Hair Fall: Causes, Prevention And Treatment

Hair fall is a common issue faced by many people in India. Hair fall refers to the excessive shedding of hair from the scalp, leading to thinning or baldness. With factors like pollution, stress and a sedentary lifestyle becoming more prevalent, hair fall has become a growing concern. Understanding the causes and adopting preventive measures can help minimise hair fall and promote healthy hair growth. In this article, we will explore the main hair fall reasons and provide valuable insights to help you understand and address this concern effectively.

1. Genetic Factors

It is important to understand the genetic predisposition to hair loss and how it can affect you.

• Genetic Predisposition: Some individuals have a genetic predisposition to hair loss, known as androgenetic alopecia, which is caused by genetic and hormonal factors. It affects both men and women, leading to hair follicle miniaturisation, resulting in thinner and weaker hair.
• Family History: If your parents or grandparents have experienced significant hair loss, there is a higher chance that you may face the same issue.

Advances in technology have made it possible to predict the likelihood of hair loss through genetic tests. These tests can analyse specific genes related to hair loss and provide insights into your risk.

2. Hormonal Imbalances

Hormones involved in hair fall include:

• Testosterone: This hormone is converted into dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by an enzyme called 5-alpha reductase. High levels of DHT can shrink hair follicles and lead to hair loss.
• Oestrogen: Low oestrogen levels can cause hair thinning and shedding in women.
• Thyroid Hormones: Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can disrupt the normal hair growth cycle, resulting in hair loss.

Effects of hormonal change during pregnancy & menopause:

• During pregnancy, many women notice changes in their hair due to hormonal fluctuations. Some women experience thicker and fuller hair during pregnancy, while others may face hair loss after giving birth.
• Similarly, menopause brings hormonal changes that can impact hair growth. As oestrogen levels decline, hair follicles may become more sensitive to DHT, leading to increased hair shedding.

3. Nutritional Deficiencies

When your body lacks essential nutrients, it affects the health of your hair follicles, leading to hair loss. Common nutritional deficiencies that contribute to hair fall include:

• Iron deficiency: It can lead to anaemia and decreased hair growth.
• Low protein intake: It is important to have a sufficient intake of protein for the production of keratin, the main component of hair.
• Lack of vitamins: Vitamin D, E and B12 play crucial roles in maintaining healthy hair.

To combat hair fall caused by nutritional deficiencies, it is important to consume a balanced diet. Key nutrients for promoting hair growth include:

• Biotin: It strengthens the hair shaft and promotes hair growth.
• Iron: It helps in carrying oxygen to the hair follicles and promotes healthy hair growth.
• Vitamin C: It aids in collagen production, which is important for strong and healthy hair.
• Omega-3 Fatty Acids: They nourish the hair follicles and promote a healthy scalp.

4. Stress

Stress can disrupt the normal hair growth cycle and lead to increased shedding. To manage stress and minimise its impact on your hair:

• Try practising relaxation techniques like meditation or yoga.
• Engage in regular exercise for at least 30 minutes every day.
• Sleeping for a minimum of 8 hours a day.
• Maintaining a healthy, balanced diet.

5. Medical Conditions and Treatments

Hair loss can be caused by various medical conditions, such as alopecia areata (the immune system mistakenly attacks the hair follicles) and fungal or bacterial infections of the scalp. These conditions can lead to hair thinning or patches of baldness.

Additionally, certain medications, like chemotherapy drugs and antidepressants, can have side effects that result in hair loss.

Treatment for medical conditions-related hair loss involves:

• Topical or oral medications
• Laser therapy
• Hair transplant procedures

Furthermore, addressing underlying medical issues, like scalp infections or autoimmune disorders, can promote hair growth. Consult a dermatologist to find the best treatment for your condition.

6. Improper Hair Care Practices

Improper hair care practices can be one of the reasons for hair fall. Excessive heat styling and chemical treatments can have harmful effects on your hair, leading to breakage and hair fall. It is important to use gentle hair care products and techniques to minimise damage.

Here are some tips for maintaining healthy hair care practices:

• Limit the use of chemical treatments like perming, straightening or colouring, as they can cause damage to the hair shaft.
• Choose hair care products that are suitable for your hair type and contain nourishing ingredients.
• Use a wide-toothed comb or a brush with soft bristles to detangle your hair gently.
• Be mindful of tight hairstyles that can strain your hair and lead to breakage.
• Protect your hair from harsh environmental factors like sun exposure, pollution and chlorine in swimming pools.

7. Environmental Factors

Environmental factors play a significant role in hair fall. Here's how:

• Pollution: The toxins and chemicals present in the air can damage the hair follicles, leading to hair fall.
• UV Rays: Prolonged exposure to the sun's harmful UV rays can weaken the hair shaft and make it more prone to breakage.
• Harsh Weather Conditions: Extreme temperatures, humidity and dryness can all take a toll on our hair health.

To protect your hair from these factors, you consider the following measures:

• Wear a hat or scarf to shield your hair from direct sunlight and pollution.
• Use a leave-in conditioner with UV protection to minimise damage from UV rays.
• Wash your hair regularly to remove pollutants and dirt build-up.
• Applying coconut oil or olive oil to nourish and protect your hair.
• Use aloe vera gel as a natural conditioner to soothe the scalp and promote hair growth.
• Rinse your hair with green tea or apple cider vinegar to restore pH balance and add shine.

8. Age-related Hair Loss

As we age, it's natural for our hair to become thinner and weaker. Understanding the changes in the hair growth cycle can help us manage age-related hair loss more effectively. Notably, lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise and stress reduction techniques such as meditation and exercise can make a significant difference.

Furthermore, various treatments that can help manage age-related hair loss include:

• Topical medications containing minoxidil or finasteride
• Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to stimulate hair growth
• Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections to promote hair regrowth
• Hair transplantation for more severe cases.

You can consult a dermatologist to determine the best treatment option for you.

9. Lifestyle Factors

Lifestyle factors can greatly impact hair health and contribute to hair fall. Here are some tips on improving your lifestyle to minimise hair fall:

• Maintain a balanced diet rich in nutrients like iron, zinc, and vitamins A, C and E, as they promote hair growth.
• Stay hydrated by drinking enough water throughout the day.
• Manage stress levels through activities like yoga or meditation.
• Get enough sleep to allow your body to repair and rejuvenate itself.
• Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption.

By making positive changes in your lifestyle, you can reduce hair fall and promote healthy hair growth.

Conclusion

Hair fall is a common issue faced by many individuals. It is essential to seek professional advice if you are experiencing severe hair loss, as it could be a sign of an underlying medical condition. You must consult a dermatologist or trichologist for expert guidance on hair fall reasons and suitable treatment options. Additionally, remember to eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, manage stress levels and avoid harsh styling practices to improve the overall health and appearance of your hair.

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FAQs

Q. Is it normal to lose hair every day?

Yes, it is normal to shed around 50–100 strands of hair per day as part of the natural hair growth cycle.

Q. How do I know if my hair fall is excessive?

If you notice a significant increase in hair fall, if your hair becomes visibly thinner or if you find bald patches, it is advisable to consult a dermatologist.

Q. How long does it take for new hair to grow back after a severe hair fall?

It generally takes several months for new hair growth after addressing the underlying cause of hair fall.

Q. Does wearing a helmet cause hair fall?

Wearing a helmet does not directly cause hair fall. However, if the helmet is tight or dirty, it may cause friction or scalp irritation leading to temporary hair loss.

Q. Can hair fall be reversed?

With the right approach and timely intervention, hair fall can be controlled and reversed to some extent. However, individual results may vary.

 

Medically reviewed by Dr Sonia Bhatt.