Atezolizumab
About Atezolizumab
Atezolizumab is an anti-cancer medicine used in the treatment of unresectable, stage II-IIIa non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Atezolizumab is also used in combination with other cancer medicine for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC (bevacizumab, paclitaxel, carboplatin), extensive-stage small cell lung cancer and biliary tract cancer (carboplatin, etoposide), metastatic melanoma (cobimetinib, vemurafenib), and unresectable hepatocellular cancer (bevacizumab).
Atezolizumab contains Atezolizumab, which belongs to the class of monoclonal antibodies. It works by inhibiting the action of a programmed death ligand receptor-1 (PD-L1), thereby stopping the abnormal growth of cancer cells.
Atezolizumab may cause certain side effects such as fatigue, cough, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, tiredness, itching, rash, headache, fever, shortness of breath, muscle/joint pain, abdominal pain, loss of appetite and injection site reactions. Inform your doctor if any of these side effects persist for longer. Atezolizumab will be administered by an oncologist trained in administering anti-cancer agents.
Avoid receiving Atezolizumab and inform your doctor if you are allergic to it or any other components of it. This medicine is known to cause embryo-fetal toxicity. Hence, it is not recommended for use in pregnancy. Avoid breastfeeding while taking this Atezolizumab. Before starting treatment with Atezolizumab, tell your doctor if you have/had liver or kidney disease, autoimmune disorders such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, a history of organ transplants, received an allogeneic stem cell transplant, or had radiation treatment to the chest, and myasthenia gravis.
Uses of Atezolizumab
Medicinal Benefits
Atezolizumab contains Atezolizumab, which is used in the treatment of different types of cancers. It works by inhibiting the action of a programmed death ligand receptor-1 (PD-L1) that causes the multiplication of cancer cells. This helps stop the abnormal growth of cancer cells and thus reduce the further spread to other body parts.
Directions for Use
Storage
Side Effects of Atezolizumab
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Loss of appetite
- Weakness
- Cough
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Fever
- Back pain
- Upper respiratory tract infections
- Injection site reactions
Drug Warnings
To treat your condition effectually, continue receiving Atezolizumab for the period that your doctor has prescribed. Atezolizumab may cause severe immune-mediated adverse reactions (IMAR) such as immune-mediated colitis, hepatitis, hepatotoxicity, nephritis, endocrinopathies, pneumonitis, cardiac problems, and dermatologic reactions. It may also cause infusion-related reactions in some patients. Therefore, caution should be exercised if you have/had liver or kidney disease, any history of organ transplant, gastrointestinal disorders, autoimmune disorders such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, lung disease, heart problems, and breathing difficulty while receiving Atezolizumab. This medicine may also cause severe infusion-related reactions. Hence, careful monitoring is recommended and discontinue the treatment if any severe infusion reactions occur. Inform your doctor if you are pregnant or are planning to become pregnant before starting the treatment, as this medicine is known to cause embryo-fetal toxicity. Breastfeeding should be discontinued in nursing mothers during the treatment as it passes into breast milk and may cause a possible risk to the infant. This medicine is not recommended for use in children below 12 years of age as the safety and efficacy are not established.
Drug Interactions
Drug-Drug Interactions: Atezolizumab may have interaction with immunomodulator drugs (thalidomide), corticosteroids (prednisolone, methylprednisolone, prednisone), etc.
Drug-Food Interactions: Avoid alcohol consumption and smoking.
Dug-Disease Interactions: Tell your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease, heart problems, GI disorders, dermatitis, or a weak immune system before starting the treatment.
Drug-Drug Interactions Checker List:
Safety Advice
Alcohol
consult your doctorIt is unknown whether Atezolizumab interacts with alcohol. Consult your doctor for more information.
Pregnancy
unsafeAtezolizumab is not recommended for use in pregnancy as it may cause embryo-fetal toxicity and harm your foetus. Hence, if you are pregnant or planning to be pregnant, inform your doctor before receiving Atezolizumab. You should not become pregnant while you are receiving Atezolizumab for at least five months from the last dose of Atezolizumab. Using effective birth control methods while on treatment is suggested.
Breast Feeding
unsafeAtezolizumab should not be taken if you are breastfeeding, as it passes into breast milk and may harm your infant. Avoid nursing your child while on treatment with this medicine and for at least five months from the last dose of medicine.
Driving
cautionAtezolizumab will be administered to hospitalized patients. Driving is not recommended.
Liver
cautionIf you have pre-existing or a history of liver problems, tell your doctor before receiving this medicine. Inform your doctor if you experience any symptoms, such as severe nausea or vomiting, right-sided upper stomach pain, easy bruising or bleeding, dark urine, or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). Your doctor may suggest tests to monitor your liver function while on treatment with this medicine.
Kidney
cautionIf you have a pre-existing or a history of kidney diseases, inform your doctor before receiving Atezolizumab. Tell your doctor if you have little or no urination, swelling in your feet or ankles, or blood in your urine. Your doctor may adjust the dose of this medicine or prescribe a suitable alternative based on your condition.
Children
unsafeAtezolizumab is not recommended for use in children under 12 years old as the safety and efficacy are not established.
Habit Forming
Diet & Lifestyle Advise
- Physical activity helps strengthen muscles, reduces fatigue, aids in weight loss, and gives strength. Gentle activities like 20-30 minutes of walking or swimming would be helpful.
- Maintain a healthy weight by performing regular low-strain exercises and eating healthy food.
- Getting adequate sleep while resting helps improve your health and mental ability and improves attention.
- De-stress yourself by meditating, reading books, taking a warm bubble bath, or listening to soothing music.
- Eat food rich in antioxidants, such as berries, spinach, etc.
- Foods containing fibre help with digestion. These include beans, peas, lentils, whole grains, nuts, and seeds.
- Avoid smoking and alcohol consumption.
- Maintain a healthy weight.
Special Advise
- Your doctor may suggest periodic liver function tests, kidney function tests, and lung function tests to monitor the function of the liver, kidney and lungs due to the use of Atezolizumab.
- Using contraceptive pills while using Atezolizumab to prevent pregnancy is advised.
- Thyroid function and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels will be monitored during treatment to avoid any life-threatening side effects.
Patients Concern
Disease/Condition Glossary
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): It is the most common form of lung cancer, which occurs when cells that form the lining of the lung start growing uncontrollably. It is mostly seen in persons who smoke. Symptoms may include chest pain, weight loss, hoarseness, and difficulty breathing.
Hepatocellular carcinoma: It occurs when the cancer/ malignant cells grow out of control in the liver. This infects the liver, destroys the liver cells and affects the ability of the liver to work properly. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, loss of appetite, weight loss, and pale bowel motions.
Biliary tract cancer: Also known as bile duct cancer or Cholangiocarcinoma. It is a rare type of cancer in which the cancer cells grow abnormally in the epithelial cells lining the biliary tract. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, itching, fever, weight loss, changes in the colour of urine and stools, and jaundice.
Metastatic Malignant Melanoma: Melanoma is a type of skin cancer in which the cancer cells grow in melanocytes. It is mainly caused by harmful UV radiation from the sun. Malignant melanoma is common in fair-skinned and freckled individuals. It results in mole formation, typically on the skin of the face. Atezolizumab is used in combination with ipilimumab in adults and children above 12 years of age.
FAQs
Atezolizumab is used to treat Non-small cell lung cancer, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Biliary tract cancer, Small cell lung cancer and Metastatic melanoma.
Atezolizumab contains Atezolizumab, which works by inhibiting the action of a programmed death receptor-1 (PD-L1) that causes the multiplication of cancerous cells.
Atezolizumab may alter the function of your immune system and trigger an attack on healthy organs and tissues in any part of your body. These issues can occasionally worsen or even become dangerous. You can have more than one of these problems at the same time. These problems may happen anytime during your treatment or even after your treatment has ended. Therefore, please consult your doctor if you experience any changes in your body or if you have any concerns.
You should call your doctor right away if you experience any of the following severe side effects Such as chest pain, severe shortness of breath, or difficulty breathing.
Atezolizumab is not recommended for use during pregnancy as it may cause embryo-fetal toxicity and harm foetus. Hence, if you are pregnant or planning to be pregnant, inform your doctor before receiving Atezolizumab.
It is unknown whether Atezolizumab passes into human milk. Therefore, Atezolizumab is not recommended during breastfeeding and for at least 5 months after the last dose. However, if you are breastfeeding, take your doctor’s advice.
Yes, Atezolizumab may affect fertility in women which may affect the ability to have children. Therefore, please inform your doctor if you have any concerns.
Yes, Atezolizumab can cause hair loss (alopecia) as a side effect. This tends to resolve once treatment is stopped. However, please consult your doctor if you have any concerns.
Reduction in the size of the tumour or slowing of its growth can be a sign that the treatment is effective. Improvement in symptoms such as pain, breathing difficulties, or other cancer-related symptoms. Regular blood tests and other scans such as CT, MRI, or PET scans can show changes in tumour markers or other indicators of cancer activity.
To relieve rashes and dry, itchy skin, use a moisturizer. Wear protective clothes, stay out of direct sunlight, and use sunscreen with an SPF of at least 15. If you have a rash, avoid swimming because the chlorine in the water can worsen it. Avoid hot water baths and dress comfortably in cotton clothing. After therapy ends, your skin will usually improve.
Increase fluid intake by drinking plenty of fluids, especially water, to help soften stools. Include high-fibre foods such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts. Engage in regular physical activity, such as walking, to help stimulate bowel movements. Limit foods and beverages that can cause gas, such as broccoli, cabbage, and carbonated drinks.
Yes, nausea and extreme tiredness (fatigue) are common side effects of Atezolizumab. These symptoms occur because Atezolizumab affects your immune system, which can lead to various side effects. To reduce nausea, eat smaller, more frequent meals. Stay away from oily, hot, salty, and fried foods.
Changes in taste is a common side effect of Atezolizumab. To improve your taste, brush your teeth, gums, and tongue gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush and mild toothpaste. Rinse your mouth frequently with a mild solution of water, baking soda, and salt. You can also add different seasonings and flavours to find what tastes good to you.
Avoid coffee, which can cause dehydration, and foods that are fatty, fried, spicy, or excessively sweet, as these might cause nausea. Avoid smoking and alcohol consumption. Do not take any other medicines and vaccines without consulting your doctor.
The common side effects of Atezolizumab are fatigue, cough, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, tiredness, itching, rash, headache, fever, shortness of breath, muscle/joint pain, abdominal pain, loss of appetite (hunger) and injection site reactions. If any of these side effects persist or worsen, please consult your doctor.
