Hypovolemia: Hypovolemia, also called volume depletion, is a condition in which the plasma (liquid portion of the blood) is too low. Excessive bleeding, vomiting, or diarrhoea could be the causes of hypovolemia. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, dizziness, and fainting.
Shock: Shock occurs when the body is not getting enough blood flow, due to which the cells and organs do not get enough oxygen and nutrients to function properly. This may result in organ damage. It is a life-threatening condition which requires immediate treatment.
Hypotension: Hypotension, also known as low blood pressure, is a condition in which the blood pressure is much lower than normal. This may cause dizziness or fainting because the brain does not receive enough blood.
Acute normovolemic hemodilution: It is a blood conservation technique in which the whole blood from the patient’s body is removed after induction of anaesthesia, with maintenance of normal blood volume using colloid replacement fluid and/or crystalloid.
Extracorporeal circulation: It is a procedure in which blood is taken from a patient’s circulation to have a process applied to it before it is returned to circulation.